
#Sydney fire commander on camera macquarie fields flats drivers
In Australia, mangroves are protected by law and hence the natural drivers predominate. Mangroves globally provide a diverse array of ecosystem services but these are impacted upon by both natural and anthropogenic drivers of change.

Given the recent dieback and the implications for management of this World Heritage and Ramsar listed area, a robust and long-term monitoring system, supported by a national system needs to be implemented, building on the substantial existing data for wetlands and mangroves in particular. An aerial survey in September 2016 revealed dieback of mangroves, with RapidEye observations suggesting this occurred between 20. Comparison of these baseline datasets indicated limited changes in overall extent between 19 but significant redistribution due to storm damage, flooding and sedimentation. Field surveys in 19 provided ground information on forest structure, biomass and species composition. Maps of extent were generated from aerial photography, Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imagery (CASI) and Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) data acquired in 1991, 20. Mangroves once occupied much of the estuarine and coastal plains, but are currently restricted along the main river systems (the West Alligator, South Alligator, and East Alligator Rivers and the Wildman River) and tributary creeks, as well as offshore islands (Field and Barrow Islands). Mangroves are a major ecosystem within Kakadu National Park in Australia’s Northern Territory, providing coastal protection, high biodiversity and an important resource for Aboriginal people.
